… [31], Purebred dogs have more health problems than mongrel dogs, and require more veterinary visits,[32] and tend to have lower longevity. [29] Included in the breed standard description are externally observable aspects of appearance and behaviour that are considered by the breed club to be the most important for the breed, and externally observable details of appearance or temperament that are considered by the breed club to be unacceptable (called faults). ", "Standards of the Breeds: Group 5 – Working", "Get Started - Register Your Mixed Breed Dog With AKC Canine Partners", "List of Breeds by Group – American Kennel Club", "Gender, age, breed and distribution of morbidity and mortality in insured dogs in Sweden during 1995 and 1996", "Mortality in insured Swedish dogs: rates and causes of death in various breeds", "Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England", "Comparative Longevity of Pet Dogs and Humans: Implications for Gerontology Research", How fashion has left this dog gasping for air, Vets warn people against buying 'flat-faced' dogs, "Genetic Resources and Their Conservation", Fédération Cynologique Internationale breeds nomenclature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dog_breed&oldid=998168663, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 03:59. Sometimes they inbreed dogs who have the same close ancestors, and sometimes they mix dogs from very different ancestors or even from different breeds. As in a 2004 study that found 9 ‘ancient breeds’ to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog. This breed of dog is a powerful dog according to the character. The study found that dog breeds were so genetically distinct that 99% of individual dogs could be correctly assigned to their breed based on their genotype, indicating that breeding barriers (pure-bred breeding) have led to distinct genetic units. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900). Not to be confused with the Golden Retriever The Golden Labrador is not a purebred dog. People have carefully bred dogs for thousands of years. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt]) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. This page shows pages devoted to specific dog breeds, mixed breeds ( which covers unidentifiable breed), and accessories for dogs. (There are hundreds, it's impossible to have a page on all of them.) [13], Domestic dogs are the most variable of mammals. Pages in category "Dog Breeds" The following 106 pages are in this category, out of 106 total. Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within the entire order of carnivores. Name Image Notes Alaunt: Large running dogs used during the Middle Ages to seize and bring down game for the hunter to dispatch; they were described as having the body of a greyhound with a broad and short brachycephalic type head. [6][4] Different types or breeds of dog were being developed by breeders who wanted to define specific characteristics and desirable features in their dogs. Dog breed, for information about what a dog breed is. The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs from this region 2,000 years ago and in the modern Siberian Husky breed standard. The dog breed selector helps you determine which type of dog you should get. This breed in the 1600s was involved in dog fighting, which at the time was popular in Japan. However, the United Kennel Club recognizes one breed of feist, the Treeing Feist, while the American Kennel Club does not recognize any feist breed. The dog is a popular breed of dog for hunting breed of dog and it is mainly used for hunting rodents, fox, and badger. The study indicated that throughout history, global dog populations experienced numerous episodes of diversification and homogenization, with each round further reducing the power of genetic data derived from modern breeds to help infer their early history. List of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. Despite its name, it's not a spaniel breed. Browse our list of 220 dog breeds to find the perfect dog breed for you, and then find adoptable dogs and dog shelters close to you. The breed standard for each breed of dog is a detailed description of the appearance and behaviour of an idealized dog of that breed. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. Recognized dog breeds are classified by groups, such as Hound, Terrier, Working, Herding, Sporting, Non-Sporting, Toy and Miscellaneous; some groups may be further subdivided by some registries. [1] Dogs are the most variable mammal on earth, with artificial selection producing around 450 globally recognized dog breeds. [17], The study found distinct genetic clusters within modern dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or function. Standing 21 to 27 inches in height at the withers and weighing 55 to 90 pounds, the Chinook is balanced and muscular. Mastiff-type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred. 1 Nintendogs (DS) 1.1 Table 1.2 Visual 1.2.1 Chihuahua & Friends 1.2.2 Labrador & Friends 1.2.3 Dachshund & Friends 1.2.4 Dalmatian & Friends 1.2.5 Best Friends 1.2.6 Chihuahua & Friends (JAP) 1.2.7 Shiba Inu & Friends 1.2.8 Dachshund & Friends (JAP) 2 Nintendogs + Cats (3DS) 2.1 Table 2.2 Visual 2.2.1 French Bulldog & New Friends 2.2.2 Golden Retriever & New Friends / Shiba Inu & New … The dog breed, Akita, originated in the snowy and rural lands of Akita and Odate, mountainous regions of Japan. [22] Such records, called stud books, may be maintained by individuals, clubs, or other organizations. They have been used as herding dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, eyes for the blind and as pets between others. [27], The Canadian department of agriculture has strict standards for the documenting of what it calls "evolving breeds".[28]. [19], In 2014, a study indicated that some breed-temperaments, such as anxiety or fear, may be linked to gene mutations. To aid in … Most basal breeds have hybridized with other lineages in the past. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. The study referred to these 16 as basal breeds, as opposed to ancient breeds, as they exhibited genetic divergence but not all of them were historically considered to be "ancient breeds". Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog.In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long established breed standards, that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a … [18], The 2012 study found that modern breeds only emerged in the 19th century and that claims of their antiquity are based on little or no historical or empirical evidence. There are over 340 dog breeds known throughout the world. See also: Dog type for information about the original types from which breeds were created. [11][12] In 2010, a study looked at 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 912 dogs representing 85 breeds. [1][3][4] Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.[5]. Fandom Apps Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. A dog crossbreed is the result of mating two different breeds. In 2004, a study looked at the microsatellites of 414 purebred dogs representing 85 breeds. Coren published a second edition in 2006. These 9 breeds had been referred to as "ancient breeds". Here you find Dog Breeds from A to Z. A breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance (), homogeneous behavior, and/or other characteristics that distinguish it from other organisms of the same species.In literature, there exist several slightly deviating definitions. By the end of the Victorian era, society had changed and so did the role of dogs. This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. When distinguishing breed from type, the rule of thumb is that a breed always "breeds true". As a rule, people select a pet which can mirror their individuality and match their main traits of character. Animal Planet. See each article for more information. [18], As dogs are a subspecies but their breeds are distinct genetic units, and because only certain breeds share the same type of cancers as humans, the differences in the genes of different breeds may be useful in human medical research. Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Dog breeds are also sometimes grouped into similar types, such as Mastiff types, spitz types, pit bulls, or Lurchers. They were trained to hunt animals such as elks, wild boar, and Ussuri brown bears. See the lists of dog breeds that these important breed registries allow: From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_dog_breeds&oldid=7219378, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. If those other lineages were other basal breeds then a basal genetic signature remains. [10] Most modern dog breeds are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830-1900),[11][12] and the accurate documenting of pedigrees with the establishment of the English Kennel Club in 1873 in imitation of other stud book registries for cattle and horses. Breeds. The Kennel Club in the UK was founded in 1873, and was the world's first national kennel club and breed registry. For each breed they recognize, kennel clubs and breed registries usually maintain and publish a breed standard which is a written description of the ideal specimen of the breed. The combination of introgression and past population bottlenecks suggested that basal breeds have little or no genetic connections to their ancestral populations and that their genetic distinctiveness does not signify ancient heritage. Strong artificial selection has developed around 450 globally recognized breeds. A dog breed is a particular strain or dog type that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. Kennel Clubs maintain breed standards, record pedigrees in a breed registry (or studbook), and issue the rules for conformation dog shows and trials and accreditation of judges. Except for color and historical documentation, the St. Bernard is very similar to the largest Sennenhund. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. This continues today, resulting in hundreds of dog breeds, some that are similar to each other, and others that are very different. Between 1915 and 1940, American Kennel Club statistics … Dogs of same breed have similar characteristics of appearance and behavior, primarily because they come from a select set of ancestors who had the same characteristics. This page was last changed on 19 December 2020, at 12:01. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated. Groups of owners that have dogs of the same breed and have an interest in dog breeding can form national Kennel clubs. "Ancient breed" is a term formerly, but no longer, used for a particular group of dog breeds by the American Kennel Club. The study identified 9 breeds that could be represented on the branches of a phylogenetic tree which grouped together with strong statistical support and could be separated from the other breeds with a modern European origin. The domestic dog's origin includes the dog's genetic divergence from the wolf, its domestication, and its development into dog types and dog breeds.The dog is a member of the genus Canis, which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and was the first species and the only large carnivore to have been domesticated. The study found that there were three well-supported groups that were highly divergent and distinct from modern domestic dogs. Dog show competitions included best in breed winners, and the purebreds were winning. Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. A dog is a friend that never betrays the master. Breeds are usually categorized by the functional type from which the breed was developed. Over time, other breed registries followed suit. The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. [43] This environment included humans but with little or no selective breeding by humans. There were 17 breeds that conflicted with phenotype or function and these were thought to be the result of crossing some of the other phenotypes. Gundogs, including Pointers, Retrievers, and Spaniels Notably, dog breeds with flat faces and short noses have breathing difficulties,[37] eye trouble and other health issues.[38]. [6] Breed standards are the reason the breed came to be, and with those standards are key features, including form, function and fitness for purpose. [8], In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. M Molossers‎ (9 P) S Spaniels‎ (8 P) T Terriers‎ (18 P) Pages in category "Dog breeds" Includes personality, history, dog pictures, dog health info, and more. The optimal maximum size for a sled dog is 20–25 kg (44–55 lb) based on thermo-regulation, and the ancient sled dogs were between 16–25 kg (35–55 lb). This category is for domestic dog breeds. In 2012, a study looked at 49,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 1,375 dogs representing 35 breeds, 19 wolves, and previous published genetic signatures of other breeds, giving a total of 121 breeds covered. They often serve as registries, which are lists of adult purebred dogs and lists of litters of puppies born to purebred parents. According to the FCI, the breed's English language name is German Shepherd Dog.The breed was officially [who?] [7] They became the guardians of their country's breed standards. Find the dog breed that is right for you. The Chinook is a rare breed of sled dog, developed in the state of New Hampshire during the early 20th century. "[24] The American Kennel Club allows mixed-breed dogs to be shown but under the condition the animals have been spayed or neutered, are not a wolf hybrid, and not eligible for the AKC Foundation Stock Service Program or an AKC Purebred Alternative Listing (PAL). Visit Animal Planet now to take the dog breed quiz and find out. In contrast, modern dog breeds are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed. Kennel clubs provide the recognition of distinct dog breeds, but there are many independent clubs with differing, and sometimes inconsistent standards and they need not apply scientific standards. [26] The bill was morally controversial, leading the American Kennel Club to fight the bill. An individual dog is identified as a member of a breed through proof of ancestry, using genetic analysis or written records of ancestry. As a result, the large phenotypic variation across dog breeds can be studied through the analysis with only a small number of genetic markers.[14]. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dog breeds. The Argentine pila dog, the Bolivian Hairless Dog and the Ecuadorian Hairless Dog are not registered hairless dog breeds. Their behavioural traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and aggression. It can help you pick a dog or just help you … It is becoming popular to breed together two different breeds of dogs and call the new dog's breed a name that is a mixture of the parents' breeds' two names. There are three breeds: the Standard, the Giant, and the Miniature.Toy and teacup are not breeds of Schnauzer, but these common terms are used to market undersized or ill-bred Miniature Schnauzers. The Dogue de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff or Bordeauxdog is a large French mastiff breed—and one of the oldest French dog breeds. The first dogs were certainly wolflike, but the phenotypic changes that coincided with the dog–wolf genetic divergence are not known. [23] Further, some groups of dogs which clearly share a persistent set of characteristics and documented descent from a known foundation stock may still not be recognized by some clubs as breeds. Without such proof, identification of a specific breed is not reliable. These included spitz-breeds, toy dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, small terriers, retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds. A dog breed is represented by a sufficient number of individuals to stably transfer its specific characteristics over generations. Many different terms were used to describe dogs, such as breed, strain, type, kind, and variety. These breeds possess distinct morphological traits including body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur colour and fur type. [4] Driven by dog shows and the groups that hosted them, the term dog breed took on an entirely new meaning. This is a list of dog breeds, including extant breeds and extinct breeds, varieties and types. We considered various features to make each description informative. A puppy with a poodle and a … Other dogs were more massive at 30 kg (66 lb) and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting. 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